VMware Server could be a virtualization product that creates it attainable to partition one physical server into multiple virtual machines. VMware server works with Windows, Solaris, UNIX and Netware, any or all of which might be used at the same time on an equivalent hardware.

VMware Cloud on AWS is an integrated cloud providing together developed by AWS and VMware delivering an extremely ascendable, secure and innovative service that permits organizations to seamlessly migrate and extend their on-premises VMwarevSphere-based environments to the AWS Cloud running on next-generation Amazon Elastic.

• Reduced disbursement. For firms with fewer than 1000 workers, up to forty p.c of Associate in Nursing IT budget is spent on hardware. …
• Easier backup and disaster recovery. …
• higher business continuity. …
• additional economical IT operations. …
• direct prices. …
• code licensing issues. …
• doable learning curve.

VMware vCenter server may be a centralized management application that enables you to manage virtual machines and ESXi hosts centrally. vSphere consumer is employed to accessvCenter Server and ultimately manage ESXi servers. … for instance, you’ll be able to simply clone existing virtual machine in vCenter server.

VMware ESXi is associate enterprise-class, type-1 hypervisor developed by VMware for deploying and serving virtual computers.

ESXi replaces Service Console with a a lot of closely integrated OS. ESX/ESXi is that the primary element within the VMware Infrastructure package suite.

Virtualization limits prices by reducing the requirement for physical hardware systems. Virtual machines a lot of with efficiency use hardware, that lowers the quantities of hardware and associated maintenance prices, and reduces power and cooling demand.

A virtual machine server (VM server) hosts or runs virtual machines that run numerous operational systems and act as full computing platforms on their own through emulation and virtualization.

a bunch virtual machine is that the server element of a virtual machine (VM), the underlying hardware that gives computing resources to support a specific guest virtual machine (guest VM). … The guest VM is Associate in Nursing freelance instance of Associate in Nursing software system and associated computer code and data.

Virtualization reduces the amount of physical servers, reducing the energy needed to power and funky them. Save time. … it is also a lot of quicker to deploy a virtual machine than it’s to deploy a brand new physical server. cut back desktop management headaches.

Advantages:

• Multiple OS environments will exist at the same time on an equivalent machine, isolated from every other;
• Virtual machine can give associate degree instruction set design that differs from real computer’s;
• simple maintenance, application provisioning, convenience and convenient recovery
• Disadvantages:
• once multiple virtual machines area unit at the same time running on a number pc, every virtual machine could introduce associate degree unstable performance, that depends on the work on the system by alternative running virtual machines;
• Virtual machine isn’t that economical as a true one once accessing the hardware.

Golf stroke multiple VMs on one pc permits many operational systems and applications to run on only 1 physical server, or “host.” a skinny layer of package referred to as a “hypervisor” decouples the virtual machines from the host and dynamically allocates computing resources to every virtual machine PRN.

A hypervisor or virtual machine monitor (VMM) is laptop software package, code or hardware that makes and runs virtual machines. A laptop on that a hypervisorruns one or a lot of virtual machines is termed a number machine, and every virtual machine is termed a guest machine.

VMware vSphere includes the VMware ESX / ESXi hypervisor, a kind one hypervisor that functions because the virtualization server; the VMware vCenter Server, that manages vSphere environments; the VMware vSphere consumer, that is employed to put in and manage virtual machines through the hypervisor; and VMware VMFS, the file …

VMware ESXi (formerly ESX) is associate enterprise-class, type-1 hypervisor developed by VMware for deploying and serving virtual computers. As a type-1 hypervisor, ESXi isn’t a package application that’s put in on associate software package (OS); instead, it includes and integrates important OS parts, like a kernel.

ESX stands for Elastic Sky X is that the server virtualization platform from VMware. VMkernel is that the Virtualization kernel that is regulated by a console OS that is additionally called the service console.

• The vSphere consumer and therefore the vSphere internet consumer offer easiest way to manage your ESXi host and operate its virtual machines.
• you’ll be able to use the vSphere consumer to attach on to the ESXi host. …
• to put in the vSphere consumer and therefore the vSphere internet consumer, see the subsequent topics.

vSphere and vCenter Server. VMware vSphere could be a suite of virtualization applications that has ESXi and vCenter Server. … The vSphere net consumer isthe interface to vCenter Server and multi-host environments. It conjointly provides console access to virtual machines.

vCenter server is analogous to vSphere consumer however it is a software package with additional power.vCenter server is put in on Windows Server or UNIX system Server or desktop/laptop.VMware vCenter server could be a centralized management application that allows you to manage virtual machines and ESXi hosts centrally.

A laptop on that a hypervisor runs one or additional virtual machines is named a number machine, and every virtual machine is named a guest machine. The hypervisor presents the guest operational systems with a virtual operational platform and manages the execution of the guest operational systems.

Enable the NX/XD bit.

once hardware isn’t supported there are familiar problems that may happen, and VMware cannot facilitate to resolve issues because of unsupported hardware.

Boot from a CD/DVD, boot from a USB, and PXE boot from a readying server on the network.

The interactive install would force you to follow on and fill within the configuration data whereas, in a very scripted  install, the configuration data are going to be queried from Associate in Nursing unattended computer file (boot.cfg). Note: ESXi uses a Kickstart installer kind of like UNIX operating system.You can install ESXi in your sleep.

Shift+O can get you to the runweasel prompt.

Make sure the hardware clock is about to UTC, and therefore the NX/XD bit is enabled within the BIOS.

Keyboard Layout, VLAN ID, IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway, Pri DNS, Sec DNS, Host Name, Installation Location, Root positive identification.

.nvram file is employed to store the BIOS state of a VM. If it deleted for a few reason, then, .nvram file are created once more once the virtual machine is battery-powered on.

Windows 2008 SP2.

Port 902 is that the default port vCenter uses to send knowledge to hosts managed by vCenter.

MS SQL Server specific is for vSphere installations with up to five ESXi hosts and fifty virtual servers.

Yes, however the JDBC driver should be put in manually.

Storage will be additional via iSCSI, FC, NFS and native disk (including DAS).

the most effective follow is to solely produce one VMFS filing system per LUN.

continually have a backup of the VMs on a separate storage atmosphere that may be wont to restore the lost virtual servers.

It depends on the scale of the VMs and also the performance of the storage. Higher acting storage will be stuffed to capability, however area ought to be left for information growth and snapshots. A datastore ought to ne’er be allowed to stock up 100%.

vMotion, science storage (iSCSI/NFS), Fault Tolerance and Virtual SAN.

vSphere net consumer is employed to attach vCenter Server and VClient is employed to attach ESXi hosts. however vSphere net consumer may also be accustomed connect vCenter Server, except for this purpose you’ll want 443 TCP, 902 TCP and UDP, and 903 TCP ports to be opened from Security Profile.

To correct the time on ESXi host, modify the time for the host exploitation the vSphere shopper and, correct the NTP settings within the /etc/ntp.conf file.

To termination the host for Direct Console programme (DCUI), administrator can press F12 Key.

If ESXi host connected to vSphere net shopper is being accessed and can’t be accessed directly, we must always make certain internment isn’t enabled. If it enabled, we must always be disabled. as a result of if internment is enabled, ESXi hosts will solely be accessed via vCenter Server, you can not directly access any host.

Administrator can add the users to Exception Users and change the service to permit ESXi Shell or SSH access.

VMware Security Token Service element of SSO grants SAML tokens.

OpenLDAP may be a valid Identity supply for configuring vCenter SSO.

When Content Library is deleted, all keep files in content library are going to be deleted.

Maximum 128 vCPUs are often allotted to a VM vSphere half dozen.0.

An administrator will permit users to login to vSphere internet consumer victimization Windows session authentication. For this purpose, Install the vSphere internet consumer Integration browser plug-in on every pc from wherever a user can sign up. The users should be signed into Windows victimization Active Directory user accounts. And, administrator should produce a sound Identity supply in Single Sign-On for the users’ domain.

To clone a VM may be perform from vCenter Server either you connected  via vSphere internet shopper or VClient. If you’re directly connected to associate degree ESXi host, you can not perform biological research of a VM.

FT stands for Fault Tolerance terribly outstanding element of VMware vSphere. It provides continuous handiness for VMs once associate degree ESXi host fails. It supports up to four vCPUs and sixty four GB memory. linear unit is incredibly information measure intensive and 10GB NIC is suggested to tack together it. It creates a whole copy of a complete VM like storage, compute, and memory.

vCenter Server installation needs 64bit Windows OS to put in. If you are attempting to put in it on Windows Server 2008, it’d not be put in and installation are going to be failing. vCenter Server are going to be put in in Windows Server 2008 R2 or higher Windows OS.

It is a virtualization interface between a VM and the ESXi host which stores VMs.It’s responsible to allocate all available resources from host to VMs such as memory, CPU, storage etc. VMKernal also controlled special services like vMotion, Fault tolerance, NFS, traffic management and iSCSI.

Max 4 vCPUs and 64 GB RAM can be used.

VMware FT Uses vLockstep technology

It’s captures inputs,movements and events that occur on a primary VM and sends them to a secondary VM.

when FT is configured, the communication between two ESXi hosts is called FT logging. pre-requisition to configure FT requires VMKernel port.

yes, vCenter server is only required to enable Fault Tolerance on a VM. Failover between primary and secondary will occur if the vCenter is down.

Major difference between VMware HA and FT is: HA is enabled per cluster and VMware FT is enabled per VM. In HA, in case of a host failure VMs will be re-started and powered-on on another host, while in FT in case of host failure there is no downtime because the second copy will be activated .

Network card of running VMs on a physical server that is connected logically with each other is called virtual networking.

The Vss is responsible for communication of VMs hosted on a single physical host. It works same like a physical switch automatically detects a VM which want to communicate with other VM on a same physical server.

vDS acts as a single switch in a whole virtual environment and is responsible to provide central provisioning, administration, and monitoring of the virtual network.

Max. 4096 ports per host are available in both a standard switch or distributed switch.

It provides network connectivity to the ESXi host to handle network traffic such as vMotion, IP Storage, NAS, Fault Tolerance, and vSAN. Each type of traffic like vMotion, vSAN etc. a separate VMKernal adapter should be created and configured

The main use is you can segregate the network traffic by using port groups such as vMotion, FT, management traffic etc.

• Virtual Machine Port Group – Used for VM Network Communications
• Service Console Port Group – Service Console Communications
• VMKernel Port Group – Used for VMotion, iSCSI, NFS, FT Communications

VLAN is a logical configuration on the switch port to segment the IP Traffic where each segment cannot communicate with other segments without proper rules mentioned is called VLAN and every VLAN has a proper ID. We can able to configure in Physical switch not VSwitch

It is a method through which more than one VLAN is handled on a port. VLAN tagging is helps to tell which packet belongs to which VLAN on the other side.

• Promiscuous mode
• MAC address change
• Forged transmits

If we select Accept, VM will receive all traffic port group via vSwitch. The default mode is Reject

If we select Accept, a host will accept requests to change the effective MAC address. The default mode of this policy is Reject.

If we select Accept, a host will not compare the source and effective MAC address transmitted from a VM.The default mode is Reject.

This is first introduced in version 6 of VMware vSphere which handles infrastructure security functions. It has three main components.

• Single Sign-On (SSO)
• VMware Certificate Authority (CA)
• Licensing service

You can install PSC in two ways:

• Embedded
• Centralized

• Embedded Deployment
• External deployment

We can Authenticate vCenter Server with Active Directory so we can assign specific roles to users and can also manage the virtual environment in an efficient way.

This is the location where virtual machine files are stored and accessed. It is based on a file system which is called VMFS, NFS.

This file is called VM configuration file

.nvram file stores BIOS related information of a VM.

It is  Virtual machine disk file and stores data of the VM. In vSphere 6.0 version it can be up to 62 TB in size.

There are 3 disk types in vSphere.

Thick Provisioned Lazy Zeroes: Physical space is allocated to a VM While creating Virtual Disk. We can’t be converted to thin disk.

Thick Provision Eager Zeroes: This disk type is used in VMware Fault Tolerance and high I/O. The disk space is allocated to a VM at time of creation takes more time to create a virtual disk compare to other disk formats.

Thin provision:  on-demand allocation of disk space to a VM. When data grows, the size of a disk will grow. Storage capacity utilization up to 100% with thin provisioning.

Version 11

Version 13

One vCenter Server can manage maximum 1000 hosts either in Windows or in vCenter Appliance (vCSA).

maximum 64 hosts

maximum of 8000 VMs.

its a new VM disk management concept n vSphere 6.0 that enables array-based operations at the virtual disk level. Its automatically created when a virtual disk is created in a virtual environment for a VM.

upto 12TB of RAM.

Content Library is the central location to share between geographical locations with vCenter Servers where you can store VM templates, ISO images, scripts etc.

We can create VM templates and can share on another geographical location of a company without creating again on other locations.

VSAN aggregates locally attached storage of ESXi hosts which are part of a cluster and creates a distributed shared solution. Virtual SAN is a software-defined storage and it was introduced in vSphere 5.5 and is fully integrated with vSphere.

Moving a powered-off VM from one host to another is called cold migration. Move a powered-on VM from one host to another is called hot migration

To move a powered-on / off VMs disk from one datastore to another is called Storage vMotion.

There are two configurations:

• Hybrid: Uses both flash disk and magnetic disks for storage.
• All-Flash: It Uses flash for both caching and storage

Yes, vSAN-ready node such as VxRail 4.0 and 4.5 are available in the market. VxRail is the combination of 3 servers ( minimum) and are part of a cluster and can scale up to 64 servers.

To configure a vSAN cluster we should have minimum of 3 ESXi hosts/servers in the form of a vSAN cluster. If any one of the servers fails vSAN cluster will fail.

Max. 64 hosts

Maximum 5 disk groups can be allowed on an ESXi host which is a part of a vSAN cluster and a maximum of 7 magnetic disk and 1 SSD per disk group is allowed.

Direct Attached Storage

Fiber Channel (FC)

iSCSI

Network Attached Storage (NAS)

NFS is a file sharing protocol that ESXi hosts uses NFS Protocol to communicate with a NAS device. A NAS is a specialized storage device that connects to a network and can provide file access services to ESXi hosts.

RDM is file stord in a VMFS volume that act as a proxy for a raw physical device. Raw Device Mapping enables you to store virtual machine data directly on a LUN. Raw Device Mapping is recommended when a VM must interact with a real disk on the SAN.

An iSCSI SAN is consists of an iSCSI storage system, which contains one or more storage processors. TCP/IP protocol is used to communicate between host and array and an iSCSI initiator is configured with the ESXi host.ISCSI initiator can be a hardware/ software -based. Hardware Based either be dependent or independent and software-based known as iSCSI software initiator.

It is using TCP/IP address to configure.

iSCSI names are in two different ways:

• the iSCSI qualified name (IQN)
• extended unique identifier (EUI)

vApp is a container or group of VM that can be package and manage multi-tiered applications for specific requirements for example, Web server, database server, and application server can be configured as a vApp and can be defined their power-on and power-off sequence in the rules.

Alarm are notification which appears when an event occurs. there are many default alarms exist for the inventory objects.Alarms can be created and modified using vSphere client

We can also add CPU and RAM for that we need to enable the options and We can add HDDs and NIC while VM is running.

Installed VM can be converted into a template but it can’t be powered-on. When a VM is converted to be a format which can be used to create a VM with pre-defined settings is called a template.

Snapshot is a copy of a VM with the timestamp as a restore point is called a snapshot. Snapshots can be taken when an upgrade or software installation is required. For better performance, a snapshot should be removed after the task completed

Step 1 : Install an agent on the Physical machine

step 2 : VI client should have Converter Plug-in

Step 3 : We have a server to import and export virtual machines

It is a very improtant feature of VMware vSphere used to live migrate running VMs from one ESXi host to another host without any downtime. Datastores and ESXi hosts both can have common shared storage

A clone is the copy of a V

M. By cloning of a VM, it will save time if multiple VMs with the same configurations are required to configure. A template is a master copy of the Image created from a VM which can be later used to create many clones after converting a VM to a template, it can’t be powered-on or edited.

• Network Heartbeat
• Datastore Heartbeat

When HA is enabled in a cluster, all hosts will take a part in this election process to be selected as a master host. A host which has the highest number of datastores will be selected as a master host. All other hosts will remain slave hosts.

It is a suite of utilities that enhances the performance of the VMs guest operating system and improves management of the virtual machine. Without this VMware tools installed in your guest operating system, guest performance lacks important functionality.

DRS stands for Distributed Resource Scheduler that automatically balances the available resources between the hosts by using cluster or resource pools. With the help of HA and DRS can be move VMs from one host to another to balance the available resources among VMs.

Share: A value that specified the relative priority or importance of a VM access to given resource.

Limit: Consumption of the CPU cycle or a physical host memory that cannot cross the defined value.

Reservation: This value defines in the form of CPU / memory and must be available for a VM to start.

It is a command-line interface and it is used to run repair and diagnostics of ESXi hosts. It can be accessed via different ways like DCUI, vCenter Server enable/disable, and via SSH.