Selenium Tutorial

Selenium IDE: IDE (Integrated Development Environment)

• It is a firefox plugin.
• It supports record and playback.
• It supports only user interface components in selenium (like page,visible components).
• Only component support base state application Automation.
• It assist in exploratory testing.

Advantages of IDE:

• Recorded script convert into different components and languages.
• Default object identification.
• Can run test suites periodically.
• Record and playback.
• Create test cases.
• Create test suites.
• We can debug test cases.
• We can edit test cases.

Disadvantages:

• It only supports Firefox.
• It supports only page operations.
• Limitations in Automation.
• It not supports enhance test cases.
• We can’t store elements.

Installation IDE:

1. url: seleniumhq.org
2. click on downloads button
3. under selenium IDE click on addons.mozilla.org
4. once downloaded restart browser.

Selenium RC: RC(Remote Control)

• RC is a server based API(Application Programming Interface) command to interact with interface browser.
• Here server play key role to launch browser to kill browser.
• It is not a user interface.

Advantages:

• It supports multiple languages.
• It supports different environment.
• It supports multiple browser.

WebDriver:

To overcome facing RC problems we move to WebDriver. It is a programming interface, to create and execute test cases.Test engineer writes the Automation code, that code send to the browser driver components, the browser component executes the tester request, it sends its own request to the browser, the browser then executes the browser driver request.

Here using element locators we can create test cases and execute test cases.

Advantages:

• It supports multiple languages.
• It supports multiple browser.
• It supports third party tools.
• It support cross browser testing.
• It supports various environments.
• It supports web based automation and mobile base automation.

Disadvantages:

• It not generate detailed test reports, it generates only test summary report.
• It is not having any default repository.
• It doesn’t support desktop applications.

Downloads required to configure Webdriver:

• Jdk
• Eclipse
• Webdriver API.

1. JDK download:

Make sure before downloading jdk we want to identify system bit size.

  url: www.oracle.com

Go to www.oracle.com —à Click on downloads—à click on Accept license Agreements-àselect your platform and bit size.

2. Eclipse:

  url: www.eclipse.org 

Go to www.eclips.org —à Click on downloads—à under releases click on any version-: select your platform and bit size-: click on save file.

3. WebDriver API:

url: www.seleniumhq.org

Go to www.seleniumhq.org: Go to previous releases: download any version: selenium

Selenium Grid

Selenium Grid is used to execute test cases in multiple browsers, multiple environment and multiple systems in parallel. Grid is not support to create test cases.

It supports parallel execution in dual environment. Here we can execute webdriver test cases and also RC test cases.

WebDriver

Test engineer writes the Automation code, that code send to the browser driver components, the browser component executes the tester request, it sends its own request to the browser, the browser then executes the browser driver request.

Locators in WebDriver:

Locators used to recognize object in web page.

• id
• name
• classname
• css selector
• xpath:Xpath is unique locater in selenium to recognize object based on tagname.
• LinkText: link having some outer text ie., linktext.
• PartialLinktext: link text with unique characters.
• TagName: tagName generally we use for to identify group of objects.

Examples

Id:driver.findElement(By.Id(“Id value”));

Name:driver.findElement(By.Name(“Name value”));

LinkText:driver.findElement(By.LinkText(“LinkText value”));

PartialLinkText:driver.findElement(By.PartialLinkText(“PartialLinkText Value”));

TagName: driver.findElement(By.TagName(“tagName value”));

CSS Selector:

• Developers use css to apply styles on webpage.
• Tester use css Selector to recognize objects in webpage.
• CSS Selector is a global locator useful to recognize object with vast combinations.

CSS syntaxes

driver.findElement(by.cssSelector(“#id”)); driver.findElement(by.cssSelector(“.class”));

driver.findElement(by.cssSelector(“tagname#id”)); driver.findElement(by.cssSelector(“Tagname#id.className”));

driver.findElement(by.cssSelector(“[property=’property value’]”));

driver.findElement(by.cssSelector(“[property=’propertyvalue’][property=’property value’]…..”));

driver.findElement(by.cssSelector(“[property=’property value’]>childposition>………”));

Relative xpath: -:

Relative xpath is useful to target object using Attribute names. We use relative xpath when object dynamically changing its position with in page.

Navigation to Select Relative xpath:–:

Open firebug window—: Open firepath List-: in firepath list uncheck generate absolute xpath.

Syntax for relative xpath

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“.//tagname[@property=’property value’]”))

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“.//*[@locator=’locator value’]”))

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“//tagname[@property=’propertyvalue’]//tagname[@prope          rty=’property value’]…..”))

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“//tagname[atribute=’atribute value’]”))

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“//tagname[contains(@property=’property value’)]”))

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“//tagname[contains(@property=’propertyvalue’)]          [position()=’position number’]”))

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“//tagname[starts-with(@property,’property value’)]”))

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“//tagname[ends-with(@property,’property value’)]”))

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“//*[contains(text(),’visible text’)]”))

driver.findElement(by.xpath(“//*[contains(.,’visible text’)]”))

//[@property=’property value’][property=’property value’]…….

. : Current node

// : Current node

/ : rote node

.. : rote node

* : All Attributes (All object properties)

[] : braces use to target single attribute

@ : Attribute

id : unique id name need to specify in single codes

How to work with webElements

Text boxes: driver.findElement(by.locator(“locator value”)).sendkeys(“Elugu Manojkumar”);

Links:driver.findElement(by.locator(“locator value”)).click();

Button:driver.findElement(by.locator(“locator value”)).click():

Radio buttons: driver.findElement(by.locator(“locator value”)).click():

Checkboxes: driver.findElement(by.locator(“locator value”)).click():

Select obj=new Select(WebElement);

obj.SelectbyIndex();

obj.selectbyVisibleText(“”);

obj.SelectbyValue(“”);

System.setProperty(“webdriver.gecko.driver”, “folder path\\geckodriver.exe”);

WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();

With dropdown:

Target  Dropdown:

WebElement obj=driver.findElement(By.locator(“locator value”));

Select obj1=new Select(obj);

List<WebElement> All_options=obj1.getOptions();

//Apply for loop to iterate

for (int i = 0; i < All_options.size(); i++)

{

All_options.get(i).click();

}

Group of Elements:-:

//Find Group elements using tagname

List<WebElement> All_pageElements=driver.findElements(By.tagName(“tagname value”));

int count=All_pageElements.size();

System.out.println(linkscount);

class Mobiles
{

}

class Human
{
void Head()
{

}

void Hands()
{

}

}

public Phone
{

void Landphones()
{
int price=100;
system.out.println(price);
}

void mobile()
{

system.out.println(price);
//Here above method do not allow to print price

}

}

public Elugu_Manojkumar
{

void launchApplication()
{

WebDriver driver=new firefoxDriver();
driver.get(“http://hotmail.com”);
driver.manage().window().maximize();

}

void signin()
{

//WebDriver method we can access because
we define webdriver interface locally

}

}

public Phone
{
public int price=100;

void Landphones()
{
system.out.println(price);
//Variable information can be used
}

void mobile()
{

system.out.println(price);
//Variable Information can be used
}
}

public Hotmailhomepage
{
public WebDriver driver;

void launchApplication()
{

driver=new firefoxDriver();
driver.get(“http://elugumanojkumar.com”);
driver.manage().window().maximize();

}

void signin()
{
//webdriver controls we receive because
//Webdriver class initiated as global

driver.findElement(By.locator(“locator value”));
driver.getTitle();
}

}

{
public static int price=100;
void Landphones
{
system.out.println(price);
//Variable information can be used
}

void mobile
{

system.out.println(price);
//Variable Information can be used
}
}

class A class B extends A class C extends B
{ { {

} { {

passing parameter throw method———>>>

class A
{void static method1(String name)
{
s.o.p(name);
}

public static void main(String args[])
{

method1(“elugu”);
method1(“em”);

}}

public void m1()
{
//It does not return value
}

public String m2()
{

return “Elugu Manojkumar”;
}

public int m3()
{

return 100;
}

public boolean m4()
{

return true;

}

String pagetitle=driver.getTitle();
system.out.println(pagetitle);

How to Capture current page url ?

getcurrenturl()

this method return url of current page

String pageurl=driver.getCurrentUrl();
system.out.println(pageurl);

getpagesource()

this method return current page source

String pagesource=driver.getPagesource();
system.out.println(pagesource);

gettext()
using this method we can capture any visible text available on target,

Capture Visible Text Available on single target:
WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.locator(“locator value”));
String elementtext=element.gettext();
system.out.println(elementtext);

Capture Visible text available in Page:

WebElement pagetext=driver.findElement(By.tagName(“body”));
String text=pagetext.getText();
System.out.println(text);

getAttribute()

using this method on selected target we can get attribute values
using their names

<a id=”Elugu” class=”Manojkumar” href=”Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.

WebElement element=driver.findElement(by.id(idname));

element.getAttribute(id);
element.getAttribute(class);
element.getAttribute(href);
element.gettext();